Septic arthritis is a therapeutic emergency and any delay in diagnosis has a serious impact on the patient's future, both in functional and vitality terms.
Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the epidemiology of septic arthritis, to characterize their bacteriological profiles and to evaluate antibiotic resistance in the Avicenne military hospital in Marrakech.
Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study over a period of 7 years from January 2014 to December 2020, focusing on the bacteriological analysis of articular liquids received in the microbiology laboratory of the Avicenne military hospital in Marrakech.
Results: Among the 496 articular liquids studied, only 25 were positive on direct examination and/or culture. The male sex was predominant with a sex ratio of 5.25. The departments involved were: 48% from the rheumatology department, 16% from the trauma department, 8% from the emergency department, 4% from the resuscitation department, and 20% from the outpatient department. A purulent aspect on macroscopic examination is the most frequent finding at 88%. Hyperleukocytosis greater than 10000 elements/mm³ is found in 60% of cases. Direct examination is positive in 60% of cases, of which 44% are gram positive cocci and 16% are gram negative bacilli.
Staphylococcus aureus is isolated in 45% of the cultures against 20% for coagulase-negative Staphylococci, 15% for streptococcus spp, 10% for Klebsiella pneumoniae, and 5% for Escherichia. Coli. However, the existence of a germ in the joint fluid is not synonymous with septic arthritis; in fact, we found 3 cases of joint fluid contamination.
The study of the resistance of these isolates revealed an absence of resistance to methicillin for Staphylococcus aureus while 33% of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were resistant. During the study period, out of a total of 20 bacteria isolated, only one multi-resistant bacterium was isolated (ESBL-producing enterobacteria).
Conclusion: Septic arthritis is a serious infection. Bacteriological diagnosis of the articular liquid remains today the key to determine the infectious origin of arthritis and its treatment.

The objective of this study is to establish the frequency of multi-drug resistant bacteria (MDR) isolated at the Avicenne Military Hospital as well as their levels of resistance to antibiotics.
This is a retrospective study conducted over 7years (2015 to 2021), at the Avicenne Military Hospital. Were collected all bacteriological samples received for diagnostic purposes, from patients hospitalized for at least 48 hours. The identification of the bacterial strains was based on the study of their morphological, cultural, and biochemical characteristics on the BD Phoenix™ i100 Automated System, which also allows susceptibility testing.  Detection of resistance phenotypes was completed by the conventional method of disc diffusion in an agar medium. The interpretation was based on CA-SFM/EUCAST guidelines.
The overall frequency of MDR bacteria is 14,3% with a large predominance of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae (54,1%) followed by Acinetobacter baumannii resistant to ceftazidime and/or imipenem (28,1%), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (9,3%), then Enterobacteriaceae resistant to carbapenems (5,2%), and finally Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to ceftazidime and/or imipenem which represented 3.3% of the MDR bacteria isolated. Co-resistance levels in MDR bacteria are high.
The increasing frequency of multi-drug resistant bacteria highlights the importance of an appropriate antibiotic strategy and the necessity of the implementation of antibiotic resistance monitoring.

Helicobacter pylori infection remains the most common infection in the world, with differences between developed and developing countries, and between rural and urban areas. It is the cause of acute and chronic gastritis, duodenal and gastric ulcers, gastric MALT adenocarcinoma and lymphoma, and numerous extradigestive lesions that have been associated with various levels of evidence.
The main purpose of our study was to determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in a sample of 300 patients referred by a physician for the diagnosis of acute gastritis.
The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in our population was 46% on all tests. Serology had the highest percentage of positive results (71.4%) without distinguishing between active infections and old seroconversions, and testing for active infections had a positive rate of 36.25%. 21.78% each for stool antigen test and 13C-urea breath test. Women accounted for 59% of our positive results. This advantage is due to the larger number of females than the males in the sample, with a positive male-female rate of 46% for males and 45% for females.
Several factors contribute to the reduced prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection, including improved socio-economic and health conditions, lifestyle and behavioral changes, and increased prescriptions for eradication treatment.
Non-invasive testing is the best diagnostic method for patients with no signs of warning.