Objectives: Our study aims to assess the contribution of the Filmarray Meningitis/Encephalitis panel in the diagnosis and management of infectious meningitis by comparing it to conventional culture, while highlighting the epidemiology of the pathogens involved.
Methods: This is a retrospective study that was carried out on 115 CSF samples from patients clinically suspected of meningitis and analyzed by conventional methods and by the Filmarray M / E panel test. This work was carried out over a period of 36 months from January 2018 toDecember2020 at the microbiology laboratory of the Avicenne Military Hospital in Marrakech.
Results: 115 samples were documented. The filmarray M/E panel detected at least one pathogen in 26 samples, representing a positivity rate of 22.6%. The infectious agents implicated in meningitis were predominated by viruses (52%, n=14), followed by bacteria (44%, n=11); yeasts are clearly in the minority making 4% (n=1) of the positive samples. The cultures were positive in 6 cases. Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most involved microbial agent, constituting a rate of 50% (n=3) of the bacteria detected in the cultures.
The concordance rate was 75% for the detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae. In this study, only one sample was positive on the filmarray Meningitis / Encephalitis panel and negative on culture.
Conclusion: The Syndromic Meningitis / Encephalitis FilmArray-type multiplex PCR is a simple, rapid and reliable diagnostic tool allowing the implementation of an early and adapted therapeutic strategy. However, given the importance of susceptibility testing, the use of molecular tests should be carried out in addition to conventional microbiology.

Introduction: The microbiological qualification of blood donations has made great progress in terms of infectious risk.
The use of new technologies and methods in transfusion has been an element of reflection as a new approach to search for viruses in blood donations, which has contributed to the improvement of the quality of screening and transfusion safety.
The objective of our work was to evaluate the microbiological qualification techniques of blood donation at the Blood Transfusion Center (BTC) of the Avicenne Military Hospital of Marrakech (AMH) in comparison with what is done nationally and internationally.
Materiels and Methods: We conducted a retrospective descriptive, comparative and evaluative study of 8221 blood donations collected at the BTC (old and new) of the AMH of Marrakesh, carried out over a five-year period from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2020.
Results: The prevalence of serological markers of hepatitis B is 0.28% that of hepatitis C is 0.17%, that of HIV is 0.09%, and that of syphilis is 0.40%.
The screening of hepatitis B, C and HIV viruses at the BTC of the Avicenne Military Hospital of Marrakech, is carried out by the ELISA technique (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) in sandwich and combined of 4th generation, automated on EVOLIS "Twin plus".Syphilis screening is based on the hemagglutination technique by the TPHA test. The control of positive and doubtful cases is carried out using the chemiluminescence technique (CLIA) in the virology department.
Conclusion: The acquisition of new screening techniques in our laboratory has become a necessity due to the development of new screening methods in recent years that are more sensitive and specific, such as the introduction of viral genomic screening (VGS) into the routine of viral screening tests.

Bacterial multi-resistance is currently a major problem in our hospitals, because of the morbidity and mortality it generates mainly in intensive care and intensive care settings, and also a current medical problem. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological profile, frequency, and resistance status of bacteria resistant to Carbapenems at the Avicenne military hospital in Marrakech, over a period of 7 years from 2015 to 2021.
This is a retrospective descriptive study of all the highly resistant bacteria identified from the database of the microbiology department at the HMA in Marrakech. The results show that the general prevalence of these HRBs was 7.54%, with a clear predominance of Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (53.4%), followed by Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (20.68%), then Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae (9.57%), and finally Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6.17%).
The general evolution of isolated HRBs was marked by the gradual and continuous increase in the prevalence of these bacteria during the study period, with a peak in 2020, when the prevalence reached 13.98%.
High co-resistance has been found to several antibiotic molecules, which can be administered as an alternative.
The rationalization of the prescription of antibiotics and the rigorous application of hygiene and prevention rules will make it possible to limit the emergence of these multi and highly resistant bacteria in our care structures.
Knowledge of the bacteriological profiles and rates of resistance to antibiotics of this type of bacteria will allow treatment more adapted to each hospital context, and better targeted.

One of the latest innovative approaches to supplementing mathematics classes is through using Khan Academy as a Worked-Example Video Podcast (WEVP). The video podcast includes step-by-step explanations of specific procedural problems found in mathematics. The impact of WEVP as a supplemental material has been studied sparingly, and there is none in high school calculus. The researchers examine the effect of Khan Academy WEVP as a supplement tool on the teaching of calculus to Grade 12 IBDP Math Standard Level students in a Chinese foreign school. Twenty-one students in the experimental group viewed a series of 20 video clips meant to teach key calculus ideas individually, while the remaining 21 students in the comparison group were given revision papers and received no other intervention. Pre-and posttests were used to collect data from both groups. The experimental group also received a self-report survey and open-ended questions. Results indicated that students who used WEVP did not do significantly better than the other group. However, most students enjoy using Khan Academy WEVP because it helps them understand the topic, pace their studies, prepare for tests, complete homework, and those who struggle with textbooks or lecturers. Thus, this study recommends including Khan Academy WEVP in high school calculus instruction for the aforementioned positive feedback. However, teachers should also consider the demotivating factors when using such video podcasts in their classes.

Introduction: The foreign body of the nasal cavities is defined by a situation most often accidental brought about by the arrest or incarceration of an exogenous element in one or more of the nasal cavities. The objective of this study is to describe the foreign bodies of the nasal cavities at the University Hospital of Andohatapenaka.
Method: This is a descriptive retrospective study over a 6-month period that included all foreign bodies from the nasal cavities.
Results: We collected 52 cases of nasal cavity foreign bodies with a mean age of 3.9 years and sex ratio (Male / Female) of 0.9. The psychological disorder was found in 1.92% of cases. The foreign body antecedent in the nasal cavity was found in 5.76%. Suspicion of foreign bodies in the nasal cavity was the frequent reason for consultation. Eighty-four point forty-eight percent of cases came within the first 24 hours. Plant foreign bodies were the most frequently found in 36.48%. Hook extraction was the most used at 71.04%. The evolution was good in 96%.
Conclusion: Foreign body in the nasal cavity is the preserve of young children. This accident could be locally serious in the event of a button cell battery requiring urgent extraction.

Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) reveals that an estimated 257 million people worldwide live with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
Objective: Morocco is so far considered, according to the WHO, to have an intermediate prevalence of viral hepatitis B. Currently, few studies report on the epidemiology of HBV in Morocco. The objective of this study is the assessment of the prevalence of HBV infection and risk factors in the southern region of Morocco precisely the province of Tiznit.
Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted over a period of 5 years, from January 2014 to December 2018. Including 10,823 blood donors at the Tiznit Blood Bank. The search for the HBs antigen (HBs Ag) was carried out by ELISA technique "Murex HBs Ag version 3", by the BEP 2000 Advance plc.
Results: The seroprevalence of hepatitis B in the study population is 0.20%, with a male predominance and a sex ratio of 4.5. The study of risk factors for hepatitis B in infected people found that informal dental care (31%), risky sex (23%) are the main risk factors for HBV transmission.
Conclusion: According to this study, the seroprevalence of HBV in the province of Tiznit places Morocco as a country of low prevalence of viral hepatitis B. This figure is consistent with data reported to other regions of the country including Agadir Marrakech and Rabat. WHO should consider Morocco as a country of low endemicity to HBV.

Dental caries is a chronic, regressive process that begins with the dissolving of email minerals, as a result of a disturbed balance between the email and its surroundings caused by the formation of microbial acids from the substrate (food medium for bacteria) followed by the onset of the destruction of organic components that eventually occur cavitation or hole formation (Kennedy 2002).
To identify dietary factors and teeth brushing habits against cases of dental caries. This research can use The Cross-Sectional Study method of quantitative analytics using the Guttmann scale. The target population is all EBC Aileu Vila schoolchildren with a total of 90 people considered a sample of research because it covers the entire affordable population. The sampling technique using Non-Random Sampling is Purposive Sampling. Results showed that (a) The relationship of variable diet with dental caries cases with a Prevalence Ratio value of 0.727 95% Confidence Interval Lower 0.590 Upper 0.896, it was concluded that there is no relationship between Diet and Dental Caries. (b) The relationship between variable teeth brushing habits with dental caries with a Prevalence Ratio value of 4.9, 95% Confidence Interval Lower 2,250 Upper 10,916, it is concluded that there is a significant relationship between the habit of brushing teeth with dental caries in elementary school children or EBC Aileu Vila.

A.baumannii is an opportunistic bacterium that has emerged in recent decades as a causative agent of potentially epidemic nosocomial infections. This bacterium has been able to develop an impressive resistance against the majority of antibiotics, which explains the therapeutic difficulties encountered.
The objective of this work is to determine, through a retrospective study, the epidemiological profile, and the antibiotic resistance of A.baumannii strains isolated from diagnostic specimens made at Avicenne military hospital of Marrakech, and follow their evolution over 5 years (2012-2017). A.baumannii accounted for 3.75% of all isolated organisms during this period (n = 183). All hospital services were concerned, with a predominance of reanimation units (66% of isolates). The results obtained showed that these pathogens originate in 53% of the protected specimen brush and the main infectious sites were pneumopathies and urinary tract infections.
An increase in the resistance of A.baumannii isolates for all antibiotics tested was observed (Ceftazidime 87%, Céfépime98%, Imipenem 84%, Ciprofloxacin 96% and Gentamicin 61%). However, all strains remained sensitive to Colistin.
These results confirm the multidrug-resistant nature of A.baumannii and its nosocomial nature. This resistance represents a serious therapeutic and epidemiological problem, hence the need for the establishment of a system for monitoring the microbial environment of the hospital and the strict application of preventive measures.

Introduction: Over the past decades, various research was directed to improve social skills targeting greeting, social interaction, making eye contact with fewer and or no emphasis on Socio emotional thinking skills in children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD). This case series study scrutinizes the effectiveness of teaching socio-emotional thinking skills over group therapy intervention in children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD).
Method: A total of five children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) participated in the study. Group therapy intervention was provided based on socio-emotional thinking skills using Michelle Garcia Winner’s Social Thinking Curriculum. Pre- and post-evaluation of socioemotional thinking skills carried out during group therapy were done.
Result & Conclusion: Result indicated significant changes in socioemotional thinking skills from pre and post-evaluation scores. Thus, this study provides an evidence-based practice for the speech-language pathologist. The current findings will also aid the clinician to select appropriate intervention strategies for improving socioemotional thinking skills and quality of life in children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD).

The occurrence of traditional treatment for smear-positive pulmonary TB patients in the municipality of Aileu in 2018 is an act of negligence of patients against conventional treatment given through direct observation treatment short cost (DOTs) programs which are influenced by several driving factors, levers, and triggers so that the transfer of the patient to treatment traditional. To determine the factors that influence smear-positive pulmonary TB patients to tend to use traditional medicine in the municipality of Aileu in 2018.
The research stimulus was constructed using a quantitative analytic cross-sectional study, using a categorical scale with a sample of 106 smear-positive pulmonary TB patients who were taking the dots program. Data were analyzed cross-sectionally by establishing a relationship between one variable and another
The results of the analysis are presented (1) the influence of knowledge on the use of traditional medicine ranges from age group 18-37.32 (100%) with a P-value of 0.655, and the highest at ages 38-57 with a total of 33 (100%), from the second interval of the age group above, is in the productive age when associated with traditional treatment variables there is a possible relationship.
In this study, based on SPSS chi-square analysis, it was revealed that men ranked the highest 67 (100%) with a P-value of 0.736 while women 39 (100%), associated with traditional treatment in TB patients, had no significant relationship. In terms of education it can be seen that of 106 respondents, not going to school and primary school education 24 (22.64%) patients, still tend to use traditional medicine, and 39 (36.79%) of them did not use traditional medicine, with a Prevalencia Ratio value (RP) 0.065. Therefore it can be analyzed that there is no relationship between the level of education and the tendency of tuberculosis patients to use traditional treatments for tuberculosis in the municipality of Aileu in 2018. (2) Access to health facilities with TB incidence is a risk factor. Respondents who have access to inadequate health facilities have a 1,847 times greater risk of suffering from TB than those who have good access to health facilities.
According to Weraman P, Haslinda Baun (2016) said that with difficult access give impact to the community, especially TB sufferers using traditional drugs. (3) Drugs Supervisor (PMO) is a coordinator whose duty is to guarantee the regularity of treatment so that it can be quickly recovered or successful treatment according to the Ministry of Health (Kemenkes 2011). The drug supervisor has duties and functions as follows: (1) Supervise TB sufferers to ingest medicine regularly until the end of the treatment period (2) Provide encouragement to patients to seek regular treatment in the DOTs program and not to traditional medicine (3) Motivate patients to double-check the sputum at the time specified by the program (4) Provide counseling to family members of tuberculosis patients who have symptoms of TB suspects to immediately check with health workers (5) Help accompany patients in taking anti-tuberculosis drugs in health facilities. Provide counseling about the benefits of conventional medicine with the effects of traditional medicine. The role of the supervisor of taking medication (PMO) is always to provide counseling about tuberculosis because the problem of tuberculosis has a lot to do with issues of knowledge and people's behavior. The aim is to increase awareness, willingness, and community participation in tackling tuberculosis. Irregularity in taking medication is a risk factor for TB in children under five. Respondents who did not take medicine regularly had a risk of getting TB 4,295 times more than respondents who took medicine regularly.

The modular distance learning modality exacerbates students’ difficulties in physics. The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted traditional laboratory and direct instruction and facilitation of learning. To support and enhance modular distance education, virtual laboratories like PhET interactive simulation are among the few supplemental tools available. In this study, the effectiveness and benefits of the PhET simulation tool were examined in direct current circuit lessons using quasi-experimental matched-pairing. Students’ test scores increased significantly after using the PhET simulation compared to students who used printed modules only. Because of the favorable learning environment, valid and reliable instructional characteristics and a positive impact on learning, the students’ outcomes improved. Thus, this study recommends integrating the tool into classroom instruction and distance education in order to maximize its potential for improving student performance. To ensure that the findings are accurate, additional research is needed. Other research design and methods (e.g., experimental crossover design and mixed-methods) and including other participants (e.g., teachers) will be beneficial in this endeavor as well.