About the legal analysis of the presidential decree concerning the appointment and inauguration of members of the government cabinet, it is convening a member of the government cabinet, about state issues, namely the philosophical question of the president must be under the Constitution, sociological issues of members of the government cabinet, one of the most important institutions also for the people of Timor-Leste. The government is planning its program to submit a proposal for discussion in the national parliament to respond to national development, the juridical issue that the constitution has regulated the president's authority to issue decrees must be based on the 2002 constitution, the political issue that the national parliament and the government have the initiative to carry out government programs under with, the theoretical problem that the prime minister wants to equip members of the government cabinet. formulation of the first problem The element of the force of law in the presidential decree of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste. second, Analysis of the Legal Basis of the Decree of the President of the Republic using constitutional theory as the highest norm in the RDTL State, the theory of power that every State institution has constitutional power, the theory of authority that every State in carrying out its functions and duties is following the authority outlined in the constitution and the concept of The rule of law that the RDTL State adheres to a mixed legal system adopts three legal concepts, namely the concept of law (Rechtsstaat) the concept of law ( Rule of Law ) and ( An Elementary Approach to the Rule of Law ) to explain the problems discussed. The political triad divides the institutions of state sovereignty, the legislation of each government cabinet has a ministerial decree-law.
This study uses a normative juridical method, with approaches including the Legislative Approach, conceptual approach, historical approach, and analytical approach, and the purpose of this research is to be able to find theoretical basic thoughts to realize the legal analysis of presidential decrees regarding the appointment and inauguration of cabinet members. Government.
The theoretical basis for the appointment of government cabinet members is as contained in article 86 letter (h) of the RDTL Constitution, which regulates the appointment, inauguration, anddismissing of members of the Government at the suggestion of the Prime Minister, according to no.2Chapter10 6, so the president of the Republic has the authority to issue decree no. 19 of 2018 based on article 106 paragraph (2) of the 2002 RDTL constitution stipulates that other members of the Government are appointed by the President of the Republic at the suggestion of the Prime Minister.

In writing this thesis, Comparison of the RDTL State Administration System Based on the 2002 Constitution with the Republic of Indonesia's Unitary State Administrative System Based on the 1945 Constitution, the author formulates several issues, first, the juridical problem in structuring the constitutional system of the two countries, the regulation is still limited to state institutions in making decisions. so that the existence of several authorities has a conflict with the power of other state institutions in the government system. The second sociological problem looks at the reciprocal relationship between the state, the government, and its citizens in running the government. The third is a political view that sees the adherents of the state as democracy, the fourth is a philosophical view that the mechanism for using the government system used can provide a state goal (the rule of law and is limited by the constitutional state).
And the theories used include; constitutional theory, comparative law theory, and constitutional system theory, as well as a conceptual framework, framework for thinking, in problem formulation; 1) Are there any differences and similarities between the constitutional system of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste based on the 2002 Constitution and the constitutional system of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia based on the 194 Constitution? 2) What are the similarities and differences between the constitutional system of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste based on the 2002 Constitution and the constitutional system of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia based on the 1945 Constitution?
The research method is normative law, types of statutory and conceptual approaches, primary and secondary sources of legal materials, techniques for collecting legal materials using card techniques and bibliographic cards, then using legal materials analysis techniques, namely descriptive analysis. More focus on a comparison of the constitutional system of Timor Leste with the constitutional system of the unitary State of Indonesia based on the 1945 Constitution.
Furthermore, from the results of the discussion, the authors formulate conclusions and suggestions as follows, (1) the basis for comparison of the government systems of the two countries can provide an overview and value conceptually by the State in implementing government, (2) applying constitutional values as in constitutional theory and constitutional theory and seeing both countries that the position of the government system in implementation is a semi-presidential system as stated in the 2002 RDTL constitutional provisions and the 1945 Constitution.

Africa is always being, portrayed as a continent of poverty and one that needs to develop, and increase its food production. The quest has led world organizations to launch projects for development and economic growth in Africa where majority are poor. The many years of investment project and programs in development has not yielded much to the alleged poverty. Most countries of Sub Sahara Africa depend on agriculture for subsistence and economic growth. Agricultural production is by small-scale holder farmers, living in rural areas where most are poor and food insecure, despite the contribution to their country’s economy. Why has the many years of poverty eradication not yielded improvement to the alleged high poverty levels? This study considers poverty as structural, the perspective in which, and poverty is, seen as a resultant of wider structures beyond an individual’s control. The study analyses the role of the prevailing institutions, in agricultural development and poverty eradication. The findings indicate that small-scale farmer’s livelihood is, challenged not only by nature, but also by unfavorable institutions that risk their vulnerability to poverty and food insecurity.