Background: The design strategy of promoting bone regeneration by regulating macrophages is making progress. Macrophages often play a key pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory role in the injury characterized by bone defects. Therefore, many studies are devoted to understanding how biomaterial properties affect macrophage phenotype, often focusing on promoting M2 activation.
Aim: To review the important role of macrophages in the microenvironment of bone regeneration and the related studies of using biomaterials to regulate macrophages to promote bone regeneration.
Results: biomaterials can be reasonably designed by regulating the behaviour of macrophages, so as to improve the efficacy of bone regeneration.

India has a rich repository of oral medical knowledge as a traditional home remedies, folk medicine and regional health practices. The isolated area's inhabitants, who are unaffected by contemporary civilizations, rely on plants for their fundamental medical requirements.  One such location is Chitrakoot, which is located in the Satna district of Madhya Pradesh. For present study 18 tribal dominant villages were selected and 674 interviews conducted in 86 Intensive field visits were carried out during 2020-2021. The study is focused on documentation of folklore knowledge with special reference to malnutrition control dietary nutritious folk formulation, and their standardization.  The study deals with the various parameters such as macroscopy, powder microscopy, physicochemical tests, detection of heavy metals, screening of microbiological limit tests and high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) fingerprints of methanolic extract and nutritional value analysis were performed. Heavy metals (Pb, Cd, As & Hg) tests were performed and found as per the limits/absent of WHO guidelines. Microbiological analysis of pathogenic bacteria, viz. Salmonella sp., Escheria coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were done and found that absent in formulated sample. Nutritional value analysis of formulated sample was done such as total fat % by wt. 22.63%,  Protein (N*5.95) % by wt. 13.56%, Crude fibre % by wt. 3.2%, Total dietary fibre % 4.53%, Carbodydrates by difference, % by wt. 53.00%, Energy value K cals/100mg 469.91, Vitamin D mg/100g 3.39, Sodium mg/100gm 80.20, Calcium mg/100gm 1720.72, Iron mg/100g 1110.48, Potassium mg/100gm 1550. 7 were found respectively. These findings indicate that formulated sample is a very useful traditional herbal formulation used by tribal communities of Chitrakoot region to maintain resistant power and immunity against common ailments as well as malnutrition of the people. In future, it can be used as strength promoter, malnutrition food supplementary product, immune modulator and will definitely enhance the healthcare system not only the rural India but also in urban societies.

Ayurveda, the ancient system of holistic medicine, offers profound insights into personalized diet and health management through the principles of "Kritanna Varga" and the utilization of millets. Kritanna Varga, the classification of grains based on their qualities, aligns with individual dosha constitutions—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha—providing tailored dietary guidance. Millets, once ancient staples, are experiencing a renaissance due to their nutritional richness and sustainability. This abstract explores the importance of Kritanna Varga and millets in diet and health management.
Kritanna Varga's personalized dietary recommendations are rooted in Ayurveda's holistic approach to wellness. Grains are categorized based on their effects on doshas, offering a roadmap to balance individual constitutions. Vata-pacifying grains like rice and wheat provide stability, Pitta-soothing grains like barley cool excess heat, and Kapha-balancing millets combat stagnation. Seasonal adaptability and support for digestive fire (Agni) enhance the effectiveness of this classification.
Millets, celebrated for their versatility, offer a range of health benefits. Rich in fiber, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, they support heart health, digestive wellness, and weight management. Additionally, millets boast a low glycemic index, making them suitable for diabetes management. Their sustainable cultivation conserves resources and preserves biodiversity, aligning with modern eco-conscious sensibilities.
In contemporary diets, millets' diverse culinary applications are celebrated. From flatbreads to salads, millets cater to global palates. Their resurgence empowers small-scale farmers and contributes to economic development in rural areas. Moreover, millets honor cultural heritage and traditions while addressing the pressing need for sustainable agriculture.

Okra [Abelmoschusesculentus (L.) Moench] belongs to the family Malvaceae. It is an essential vegetable crop grown in tropical and sub-tropical parts of the world. The studies evaluate the genetic variability among okra accessions at Wolaita zone. This research was designed to assess phenotypic and genotypic variation of okra accessions based on qualitative and quantitative traits at Kindo Koysha districts in Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia. Thirty okra accessions were evaluated for 13 traits in RCBD in 3 replications at the 2022 main cropping season. Data were collected on plant and plot basis for yield and yield-related traits and subjected to analysis of variance and estimation of variance genetic parameters. The results showed that accessions differed significantly for most of the traits and the relatively wide range of the mean values for most of the characters, indicating the existence of variations among the tested accessions. Estimates of phenotypic (PCV) and genotypic (GCV) coefficients of variations were generally laid under low, moderate, and high ranges. The PCV values were slightly greater than the GCV values. Relatively higher PCV values were exhibited by days to 90% maturity, plant height, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, number of seeds per plant, and wet pod yield per hectare. Moderate to high heritability was observed for days to emergence, days to 50% flowering, days to 90% maturity, plant height, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, wet pod weight, seed yield per hectare, hundred seed weight, wet pod yield per hectare and dry pod yield per hectare. wet pod yield had a highly significant and positive phenotypic correlation with number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, and number of seeds per plant, and also genotypically number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, and wet pod weight were observed to have positive and highly significant (p ≤ 0.01) correlations with wet pod yield per hectare.The top five accessions that performed better for wet pod yield were Abel-148, Abel-69, Abel-47, Abel-97, and Abel-with wet pod yields of 4259.9, 3903.6, 3416.6, 3230.2 and2934.2 kg per hectare, respectively. However,this study was conducted at one location of the okra growing areas of the Wolaita zone, Ethiopia for one growing season; and this may not be sufficient to make strong conclusions and recommendations. Hence, there is a need to conduct further studies for more than one cropping season and consider many okra-growing areas of Wolaita zone in southEthiopian. regional state.