The purpose of this study is to present an overview of the state of change in HRM practices at selected private enterprises in Bangladesh, as well as potential future possibilities. With a focus on secondary data source completion, the current study used a literature survey technique. The only source of data used for this study was a collection of other studies on HRM practices in Bangladesh. Additionally, the HRM practices of the sample organizations—BRAC, IDLC, IBBL, and Basundhara Group—are divided into seven sections that are closely related to HRM practices: overall HR practices, HR planning, recruitment and selection, training and development, performance appraisal, industrial relations, pay structure, and job satisfaction. Although strategic HRM methods have advanced recently, HRM in Bangladesh still follows traditional human management procedures, as noted by scholars.  Many businesses already have separate HR departments and hire HR specialists who meet the requirements for education, experience, and skill.  Companies are realizing how important it is to fund employee development and training programs in order to maintain their competitiveness. Owing to regulatory obstacles, public sector businesses have been slow to implement these practices. Sample organizations have preventive procedures in place to stop conflicts among employees. In Bangladesh, women were not allowed to officially participate in the labor force. Women, persons of color, and those with disabilities still cannot access employment opportunities. Despite the fact that female professionals in Bangladesh are making great strides in their careers and in maintaining a work-life balance, they still have a long way to go in the traditional society of the country. Politics and politicians affect a wide range of life decisions, such as recruiting, promoting, choosing trainees, adjusting wages, managing labor relations, and more.

Antimicrobials belonging to the glycopeptide antibiotic class have a common fundamental action mechanism and a comparable macromolecular structure. Teicoplanin, the second commercially available glycopeptide antibiotic, is a ristocetin-type lipoglycopeptide complex originally identified in 1978 from the Actinoplanes teichomyceticus. The bacterial cell wall contains a rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane called peptidoglycan, or murein, which provides structural support. Peptidoglycan monomers are made up of a sugar backbone with peptide and disaccharide units that are attached by glycosidic bonds into long chains via transglycosylation. Telavancin, dalbavancin, and oritavancin are three novel lipoglycopeptides that are now being used in clinical practice. Vancomycin is effective against all types of streptococci, including species of viridian, anaerobic, and microaerophilic strains, and pneumococci that are sensitive to or resistant to penicillin.

Introduction: This paper proposes, develops and presents a measure of the strength of association between test results and state of nature or condition in a population, constructed using only the sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic screening tests or clinical trial that are independent of the population under study.
Methods: The proposed measure of association which always lies between -1 and 1 inclusively enables the researcher to determine not only if an association exists between test results and state of nature or condition in a population and if such an association exists, whether it is positive and direct or negative and indirect thereby giving the measure an advantage over and above the traditional odds ratio method which may not always properly be usable in the analysis of data from diagnostic screening tests or clinical trials. Estimate of the variance of the proposed measure of association is provided. A test statistic expressed in terms of the sensitivity and specificity of the screening test for use in testing the statistical significance of the proposed measure of association is provided.
Results: The proposed method for comparison and completeness develops modified sample estimate of the traditional odd ratio and its sample variance in terms of observable sample data from diagnostic screening tests or clinical trials. It also provides a test statistic in terms of observable sample data for testing the significance of the modified traditional odds ratio that would be properly used in the analysis of results obtained from diagnostic screening tests or clinical trials for which the traditional odds ratio may not always be properly used to analyze.
Conclusions: The proposed measure is shown to be easier to interpret and understand than those obtained using the traditional odd ratio approach. Using sample data, the proposed measure of association is shown to be at least as efficient and hence as powerful as the traditional odds ratio.