1.Tropical and Subtropical Orchids

De L. C., Raj Kumar, Khan A.M., Rumki Sangma, Sailo N., Barman D.

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Abstract

Orchids belong to one of the largest plant family in the world with 600-800 genera and 25,00030,000 species both in the tropics and temperate plant hardiness zones. Light, temperature, humidity, aeration and nutrition are major factor which are required optimally for growth and flowering of orchids. Description and culture of some major tropical and subtropical orchids like Bulbophyllums, Vandaceous types, Brassia, Cattleya, Dendrobium, Miltoniopsis, Paphiopedilums, Phragmipediums, Phalaenopsis and Zygopetalums are given in the study.

2.Correlation of menstrual pattern with thyroid hormone level in infertile women

Fatima A., Hooja N.^*, Mital P., Singh N., Gothwal S.

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Abstract

Introduction:

Thyroid hormones have profound effects on reproduction and pregnancy. There seems to be an association of thyroid dysfunction with menstrual disturbances and decrease fecundity. Aim:

This study was undertaken to review the impact of thyroid status on menstrual function and fertility of subjects.

Method:

80 women with primary infertility attending gynae OPD in 6 month period were evaluated. 80 fertile women with similar age and socioeconomic status were taken as controls. The association of thyroid dysfunction and serum prolactin with their menstrual status was reviewed.

Results:

Menstrual disorders were observed in 42% of infertile women. Serum T3 and T4 level were significantly decreased in infertile females as compared to fertile females. Increase in serum TSH level in infertile females was also significant.

Conclusion:

In our study, there was high prevalence of thyroid disorder and in infertile women which may have lead to their menstrual irregularities resulting in infertility.

3.Association of serum homocysteine with socio-demographic factors in normotensive women and women with preeclampsia

Mital P.^*, Hooja N., Hemlata, Shekhavat U., Mital P.

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Abstract

Introduction:

Elevated levels of homocysteine are associated with a number of placentamediated diseases such as preeclampsia and several pregnancy complications. In general, homocysteine concentration increases with age and decreases as pregnancy advances. Keeping this in mind the present study was done to find any association of homocysteine with sociodemographic factors of normotensive pregnant women and women with preeclampsia.

Material and Methods:

54 normotensive women, 54 women with mild and 54 women with severe preeclampsia were enrolled in the study after written informed consent. S homocysteine levels were measured and results were analysed to find association of homocysteine with sociodemographic factors.

Results:

The mean serum homocysteine levels were 11.3  4.4 mol/L, 12.3  4.2 mol/L and 15.9  6.3 mol/L in normotensive group, mild preeclampsia group and severe preeclampsia group respectively and the levels were significantly higher in severe preeclampsia group (P < 0.001). The positive correlation was found between the mean maternal age, systolic, diastolic blood pressure and mean serum homocysteine levels. Negative correlation was observed between mean serum homocysteine levels and gravidity(r=-0.1). S. homocysteine increases as BMI increases this is more marked in severe preeclampsia group. The severe preeclampsia group had higher mean serum homocysteine levels (17.6  5.6 mol/L) in women with gestational age above 36 wks (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:

Serum homocysteine levels also have positive correlation with systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Maternal demographic status except age and BMI had no significant association with serum homocysteine.

4.Location Update Procedure in Mobile Computing

Popat K.A.¹, Sharma P.^2*

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Abstract

When we talk about the term mobility it simply means that anything which is in moving condition. When anything which is in moving condition, the information about its current location is the most important. This becomes much more important when we talk about a device which is useful to a person for talking, messaging, texting, web surfing etc. Location management is one of the most crucial thing in mobile computing. Here in this paper we have described the procedure for location update in GSM Mobile Network.

5.Sero prevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen, antibodies to Hepatitis C, & HIV in a hospital based population

Samatha P., Manasa Sireesha D., Bondili Sai Sowmya

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Abstract

Background:

HBV, HCV, HIV infections are serious global and public health problems, affecting millions of population. Epidemiological studies worldwide show wide variations in the prevalence patterns of the HIV, Hepatitis B and the Hepatitis C Virus infections. Prevalence of these infections may differ not only from country to country but also different regions of same country. The present study was designed to find the seroprevalence of HBV,HCV, HIV infections in our area.

Methods:

A retrospective study was conducted from August 2013 to March 2014.A total of 2851 subjects who were screened for Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg), anti HCV antibodies and anti HIV antibodies are included in study irrespective of their age & sex. Data was analysed on the basis of socio demographic factors & serological results .The results were analysed by Chi- square statistics.

Results:

The seroprevalence of HBsAg was 2.42%, anti HCV anti bodies was 0.59% , anti HIV antibodies was 1.82% whereas, co infection i.e.,HBsAg with HIV was seen in 0.07% of study population. Conclusion:

In the present study, the seroprevalenc of HBV was higher than other two infections. As HBV was one of the dreadful infection, to limit the further spread & control the prevalence rates, population based screening programmes are recommended.

6.A comparative study of TSH and lipid profile in depressed postmenopausal women

Ranawat A.¹, Yadav D.¹, Solanki R.K.²

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Abstract

Introduction:

To explore the possibility that certain biochemical derangements like thyroid and lipid abnormalities may lead to occurrence of depression in subgroup of postmenopausal women, present study was planned to examine association of depression with TSH and lipid profile in post menopausal women (PMW).

Method:

A cross sectional study was carried out at the out patient department of Gynecology and Psychiatry. Experimental group consisted of PMW with depression (ICD-10 criteria) (n=50), and was compared with a control group without depression. Subjects were assessed through Beck’s depressive self rating inventory and their blood level of TSH and lipid Profile was assessed. Group comparison was done with chi square test and t test.

Result:

Serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, TSH levels were significantly higher and HDL levels were significantly lower in the depressed group, while there was no statistically significant difference in LDL and VLDL levels between the groups.

Conclusion:

Assessment of TSH and Lipid Profile can prove valuable in identification of postmenopausal women vulnerable to depression.

7.Atypical presentation of Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis: a case report

Garg V.K.^*, Wadhwani P., Sengar G.S., Chahar C.K.

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Abstract

Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare progressive disorder with a prominent childhood onset, caused by persistence of mutant measles virus in the central nervous system. In the classic form of SSPE, slow progression of neurological symptoms goes through four characteristic stages. Atypical form of SSPE occurs in about 10% of patients and a high index of suspicion is needed to detect these atypical cases. We report a Patient of SSPE who presented to us as rapidly progressive fulminant acute encephalitis.

8.Schizophrenia - Insight, Depression: A correlation study

Ananda Reddy Endreddy, Venkata Venu Gopala Raju Srijampana^*, Bhagawan Rajana

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Abstract

Background:

Schizophrenia is one of the severe forms of mental illness which demands enormous personal and economical costs. Recent years have attracted considerable interest in the dual problem of depression in schizophrenia and its relation to insight. Most clinicians believe that poor insight in patients with schizophrenia, though problematic for treatment adherence, may be protective with respect to suicide.

Aims and objectives:

Our study was aimed to find out the correlation between insight and depression in schizophrenic population. Materials and Methods: Present study was a cross sectional, single centred, correlation study done in total of 60 subjects. Subjects aged between 20 to 60years, diagnosed to have schizophrenia as per ICD-10 and who have given written consent been considered for the study. Subjects who had other psychiatric disorders such as mood disorder, schizoaffective disorder, mental retardation, epilepsy or detectable organic disease and co morbid substance abuse were excluded from the study. Schizophrenics with acute exacerbation were also excluded from the study. For insight assessment, schedule for assessment of insight (SAI), a three item rating scale was used. For the assessment of depressive symptoms, a nine item rating scale, Calgary Depression Rating Scale (CDRS) was administrated.

Results:

Insight and depression were strongly correlated in schizophrenic population with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.758. The correlation between insight and depression was high in subjects with less duration of illness.

Conclusions:

Our study suggests that poor insight may protect against depression in the early stages of recovery from schizophrenia. The correlation between insight and depression was high in subjects with less duration of illness.

9.Improving Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) through item analysis: An assessment of the assessment tool

Singh J.P.^*, Kariwal P., Gupta S.B., Shrotriya V.P.

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Abstract

Objectives:

The aim of the study was to assess the quality of multiple choice questions, for creating a viable question bank for future use. The purpose was also to identify the low achievers and their learning difficulties which can be corrected by counseling or modifying learning methods.

Methods:

The study was conducted during the month of November 2014 in the department of Community Medicine, SRMS Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly (UP). Eighty two 3rd year MBBS students took the MCQs test comprising of twenty questions. There was no negative marking and evaluation was done out of twenty marks and 50% score was the passing mark. Post validation of the paper was done by item analysis. Each item was analyzed for Difficulty index and Discrimination index.

Results:

Difficulty index of 11(55%) items was in the acceptable range (p value 30-70%), 9(45%) items were too easy (p value >70%) and no any items were too difficult (p value <30%). Discrimination index of 10 (50%) items was excellent (d value>0.35), 4(20%) items was good (d value 0.20-0.34) and 6(30%) items were poor (d value<0.2%). Inter- relationship between these indices was analyzed.

Conclusion:

This study inferred that items having average difficulty and high discriminating Index should be incorporated into future tests to improve the test development and review.

10.Use of Silver Nanoparticles: Opportunities & Challenges

Desai Chandani^1*, Shah Gaurav²

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Abstract

This review article evaluates and summarises the present knowledge on the behavior and the biological effects of Silver Nanoparticles (Ag NPs) to organisms. Though, Silver Nanoparticles have distinctive physico-chemical properties, including a high electrical and thermal conductivity, In vitro studies demonstrated that Ag-NP are cytotoxic by their effect on cellular metabolism and membrane integrity, and inhibit embryonic stem cell differentiation.

11.Limitations for effective health care among a group of South Asian deaf students and strategies adopted by them to overcome these limitations

Weeraratne C.¹, Luke W.A.N.V^2*, Madugalle S.³, Maduranga S.⁴

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Abstract

Introduction:

In spite of modern world advancements the deaf community still faces numerous problems. In this pilot study we assessed the limitations to effective medicine use in a group of deaf and mute teenage students and strategies adopted by them to overcome limitations.

Objectives:

Study their general health status
Study requirements for medical care among them
Identify limitations faced by them at medical consultations and at the pharmacy.
Identify limitations to effective administration of medicine.
Identify the coping strategies adopted by them to overcome limitations. Methodology:

A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out at a specialized school for hearing disabled students in Sri Lanka. 44 deaf students in the 14-19 year age group were studied. An interviewer administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Results: Their literacy was considerably low. They experienced communication difficulties at the pharmacy and had problems during drug administration. Various strategies were adopted by them to overcome these limitations.

Conclusions and recommendations:

The participants had difficulties in obtaining effective health care and use of medicines. In order to provide better standards of care for the hearing disabled students it is essential to take measures to overcome the discovered limitations.

12.A study of malondialdehyde and lipid profile in pregnancy induced hypertension

M. Madan Mohan Rao^1*, Obulesu G.², Salma Mahaboob R.³

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Abstract

Pregnancy induced hypertensive disorders are one of the commonest complication of the pregnancy which accounts for most of the maternal and peri-natal mortality and morbidity.

13.Trend analysis of animal bite cases in a tertiary care center from the last six years hospital registry

Choudhary K.1 *, Shekhawat K.2, Kumawat R.3

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Abstract

Background:

India has one of the highest numbers of cases of Rabies in world. Objectives:

(1) Epidemiological study of animal bite cases attending Anti- Rabies clinic in accordance to Time place and person. (2) To analyze the trend and forecast the cases.

Study design:

Cross-sectional record based study.

Study place:

Anti-Rabies clinic, PBM Hospital, Bikaner.

Study duration:

3 month (Jan - March, 2014).

Study tool:

Records of Anti-Rabies clinic and Isolation ward (Suspected Hydrophobia cases).

Data analysis:

The data was analyzed with application of Mean, Proportion, Chi-square and trend analyses using Microsoft Excel.

Results:

Total no. of animal bite cases were 18,312 in last 6 years (2008-2013), the number of patients is continuously rising since 2011. Out of total cases, 93.2% were bitten by dogs, 4.7% gave history of raw milk ingestion, and 0.5% patients gave history of camel bite. Most of the patients were in 15-65 years of age group (59.8%) and followed by in 5-14 years of age group (28.4%). The males and females shared 76% and 24% proportion respectively. The urban area accounted to almost 70% of the cases. Total suspected hydrophobia cases were 112 in last 6 years. Forecasting for 2014 - 3988 cases and for year 2015-4268 cases. Seasonal predisposition was in May & June months.

Conclusion:

The animal bite affects economically productive male population of Bikaner. Hot spots should be searched in urban areas to take necessary control measures effectively.

14.Carcinoembryonic antigen as a screening tool in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer: Is it a viable option?

Jesudass J., Shetty P.^*

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Abstract

Introduction:

To determine the number of cases of colorectal carcinoma with a significantly elevated CEA level in plasma and its viability as a screening tool.

Materials and methods:

The study included 30 patients diagnosed with colorectal carcinoma over the last one year and 30 controls. A written informed consent was taken from all the patients included in the study. Other cause of raised CEA levels was ruled out. The CEA levels were measured using immunoassay. The cut off value chosen was 3.5ng/ml. The tumour marker relationship with the grade of tumor differentiation and site of tumor was studied. Statistical analysis used: The data was analysed using frequency, percentage and chi square statistics.

Results:

There was 30 cases of colorectal cancer and 30 control cases studied for elevated CEA levels. Of the 30 cases of proven colorectal malignancy, 22 cases have elevated CEA levels and among the control group one case has elevated CEA levels. Majority of the patients was males (65%) and belonged to the age group between 60 to 80 years (38.3%). The sensitivity in this study amounted to 83.3% and specificity 96.7%.

Conclusion:

The rising incidence of colorectal cancer demands for a feasible and economical screening tool especially in large population like India. Through this study it is difficult to make a definitive conclusion due to the limited time span and number of patients. However it can be told that CEA serves as a satisfactory diagnostic tool.

15.Traditional Ethno-Veterinary practices in Bhandara district (M.S.) India

Gadpayale J.V., Khobragade D.P., Chaturvedi A.A.^*

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Abstract

The present communication deals with the documentation of Ethno-veterinary medicinal plants used by the traditional healers in Bhandara district, Maharashtra, India. Ethno veterinary information was gathered through individual interviews and observations among the tribal peoples of study area. A total of 41 species of Ethnoveterinary medicinal plants belongs to 27 families and 39 genera were recorded in the study with the help of nine Ethno veterinary traditional healers. This information suggests the documentation of the medicinal plants and associated indigenous knowledge can be used for conservation and sustainable use of medicinal plants in the area and for validation of these plant preparations for veterinary treatment.

16.Preliminary phytochemical screening of Byttneria herbacea Roxb.

Somkuwar S.R.^1*, Chaudhary R.R.², Chaturvedi A.³

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Abstract

Ethnomedicinal plants are an important source of phytochemicals that offer traditional medicinal treatment of various ailments therefore phytochemical analysis of ethnomedicinal plant gaining ground in the recent times for novel drug discovery process. The Byttneria herbacea is an ethnomedicinal plant using by various tribal communities in different pathological interventions. There are no data available for phytochemical analysis of B.herbacea in the scientific literature, hence we have undertaken this study to evaluate the same for the first time.

ARCHIVES

December,2014

1.Tropical and Subtropical Orchids

2.Correlation of menstrual pattern with thyroid hormone level in infertile women

3.Association of serum homocysteine with socio-demographic factors in normotensive women and women with preeclampsia

4.Location Update Procedure in Mobile Computing

5.Sero prevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen, antibodies to Hepatitis C, & HIV in a hospital based population

6.A comparative study of TSH and lipid profile in depressed postmenopausal women

7.Atypical presentation of Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis: a case report

8.Schizophrenia - Insight, Depression: A correlation study

9.Improving Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) through item analysis: An assessment of the assessment tool

10.Use of Silver Nanoparticles: Opportunities & Challenges

11.Limitations for effective health care among a group of South Asian deaf students and strategies adopted by them to overcome these limitations

12.A study of malondialdehyde and lipid profile in pregnancy induced hypertension

13.Trend analysis of animal bite cases in a tertiary care center from the last six years hospital registry

14.Carcinoembryonic antigen as a screening tool in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer: Is it a viable option?

15.Traditional Ethno-Veterinary practices in Bhandara district (M.S.) India

16.Preliminary phytochemical screening of Byttneria herbacea Roxb.

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