India is a South Asian country situated between the Himalayas in the north and the Indian Ocean in the south and flanked on either side by Pakistan and Burma. India is covers a total area of 3287728 km 2 (FAO).India's fisheries resources are rich and diverse as they are plentiful, comprising ocean, rivers, floodplains, estuaries, mangroves, estuarine impoundments, lagoons, upland lakes, reservoirs and ponds. With its 8118 km long coastline, India has blessed with 2.02 million sq. km Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) which includes, West coast 0.6981, East coast 0.516, Andaman & Nicobar 0.566 & Lakshadweep 0.230 million sq. km (EEZ act 1976).Estuaries comprising 0.29 million ha.(Handbook of fisheries & aquaculture, 2011).Estuaries are the traditional zones between the rivers and sea and have specific ecological properties and biological composition. Estuaries offer immense biological wealth characterized by the diversified rich flora and fauna including fisheries. 

Organic potting medium is an important source for growing of vegetable and ornamental plants. Use of Trichoderma spp. as bio control agents as well as growth promoters in agricultural systems has been identified as an effective methodology to minimize the use of agrochemicals. Present investigation was carried out to formulate a low cost organic potting medium enriched with Trichoderma spp. which can effectively control soil borne diseases and enhance the growth of selected vegetables i. e, Abelmoschus esculentus and Amaranthus viridis. T. virens, T. harzianum and T. asperullum were selected and mass produced separately, using sawdust as the carrier material. Three different potting media (Coir dust+ invasive plants (2:3); T-1, rice husk + invasive plants (2:3); T-2 and Coir dust + Rice husk + invasive plants (1:1:3); T-3) were prepared. All the potting media were divided into two parts and one set was treated with Trichoderma spp. while the other set was used as controls, without adding Trichoderma. Physical and chemical properties of the four potting media were analyzed following standard methods. Effect of Trichoderma amended potting media on plant growth was evaluated using A. esculentus and A. viridis by measuring several growth parameters and disease incidence under greenhouse conditions. Of the four potting media, T-1 exhibited optimum physical and chemical properties. The highest growth performance of A. esculentus; and A. viridis observed in plants treated T-1 medium with Trichoderma amendments with lower (p<0.05) disease incidence (5 %). A. esculentus and A. viridis planted without Trichoderma treatment in T-2 showed significantly lower (p<0.05) growth than T-1 and T-3 media. Based on the findings, T-1 medium with Trichoderma amendments could be recommended for growing vegetables which are suitable for urban agriculture and home gardening due to its cost effectiveness and environment friendly nature.

Prodigiosin is a natural red colored pigment that specifically found to produced by many strains of Serratia marcescens and other related organisms as a secondary metabolites. Prodigiosin has a wide variety of biological activities and hence its efficacy optima strive researcher. Our present study aimed to determine antimicrobial, antifungal and antibiofouling activities of prodigiosin produced by Serratia marcescens isolated from various natural sources. Among the red pigment producing isolates, S8 isolate a higher pigment producer, was selected for further studies (was identified as Serratia marcescens by 16S rRNA sequencing, NCBI Accession No. MH145360). From 16S rRNA analysis, phylogenetic tree was constructed to study its phylogenic relationship. Antimicrobial activity of pigment showed reveals its effectiveness against gram positive organisms. Prodigiosin showed antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger, Mucor hiemalis, Fusarium enumartii and Rhizopus stolonifer. Prodigiosin was also known to reduce the adhesion of biofouling organisms such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, hence can be used as antibiofoulant.

Gluten-free foodstuffs are a challenge for Technologist and Nutritionist since alternative ingredients used in their formulations have poor functional and nutritional properties. A study was lead to standardize an innovative nutritious product for consumer’s acceptance. The product designed was a nutritious product for all age groups, gluten allergic people, pregnant and lactating mothers and malnourished or underweight children and adults. Therefore, Gluten-free flat bread stick was formulated which gave high nutrient valued product with best possible combination of Bengal gram, Black gram, Samo, Amaranth, Oats, Arrowroot powder and Rice flour. The Multi-flour Gluten free Flat bread stick was prepared with different flavors like Cheese, Cheese & Onion and Tomato-chili. The other aspects covered in the study were packaging, nutritional labeling and marketing. The result showed that the product can have wide commercial acceptability.

Purpose:  The goal of the study was to investigate the expression of HLA-G, CD16, CD56, CD8, TNF-α , IFN-γ in ectopic pregnancy (EP)  by immunohistochemistry.

Methods: The study was conducted on non-pregnant women (NP) (n=10), women with intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) (n=7) and EP (n=10). Immunostaining evaluated by HSCORE analysis of HLA-G, CD16, CD56, CD8, TNF-α, IFN-γ in tubal tissues were compared.

Results: HLA-G showed stronger staining in IUP than other groups (p=0.001). The expression of CD16 was lower in IUP than EP (p=0.005). The expression of CD56 and CD8 was low in NP, while CD8 was highest in EP (p=0.001 and p=0.001). The highest expression for TNF-α was shown in EP,  while IFN-γ expression was highest in IUP (p=0.016 and p=0.001, respectively).

Conclusion: The expression of HLA-G from trophoblast in EP is insufficient. The phenotypic characteristics of natural killer cells are different in EP than IUP and the activation of cytotoxic T cell is increased. TNF-α promotes the formation of EP.