Introduction: Hypothyroidism in pregnancy is one of the most common endocrine disorder in pregnancy. It is associated with increased risk of maternal complications.

Objective: To study the impact of hypothyroidism in pregnancy on maternal outcome

Material and Methods: Prospective study conducted on the women who fulfil inclusion and exclusion criteria attending antenatal clinic at a tertiary care centre in North India.

Conclusion: Hypothyroidism in pregnancy is associated with increased maternal complications.

Optional vaccines mean that one may choose to have it or not without any danger or detriment. Immunization against vaccine-preventable diseases is definitely profitable for the individual. The objectives of the study: to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of mothers of underfive on optional vaccination. Quantitative research approach was used to meet the objectives. Descriptive research design was adopted. The results revealed that only 17% of mothers had good knowledge about optional vaccination. The study reveals that, there is a significant association between number of children and knowledge of mothers at P>0.05. The table value is 12.59, so null hypothesis is rejected and there is an association between number of children and knowledge of optional vaccines among mothers.

Osteoporosis is as the name implies porous or thin bones, due to the loss of bone strength and bone mass caused by ageing, genetic factors, nutritional factors, hormonal problems or certain medications. Aim of the study was to assess the knowledge and practice among pre and post-menopausal women attending OPD in Jubilee Memorial Hospital and to find the association between knowledge score and practice score with the selected demographic variable. A descriptive research design was used. The sample size of the study was 60 and convenient technique was applied. The setting of the study was Jubilee Memorial Hospital, Palayam, and Trivandrum. A self-instruction module was given for the awareness. A chi- square test was used for data analysis. There is average knowledge and practice score among pre and post-menopausal women. The study revealed that, there is significant association between age, education, previous knowledge level with the knowledge score and no association with religion, occupation (t-value lesser than 0.05) and knowledge score. There is significant association between age, occupation, with the practice score and no association with religion, education, previous knowledge level and practice score. The chi square value of each demographic variable for knowledge score is age (7.21), religion (0.723), education(10.45),occupation(2.943),previous knowledge level(234.3). The chi square value of each demographic variable for practice score are age(7.573) religion(1.799),occupation(1.086),education(5.421),previous knowledge level(1.711). There is also an association between knowledge score and practice score with socio demographic variable.