1.Empowerment and reproductive health status of women in urban slums in Tamil Nadu

V. Saravanakumar*, C. Sivapragasam

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Abstract

Empowerment of women and reproductive health status of women in India is not satisfactory though government of India and Tamil Nadu have taken various measures to improve the empowerment and reproductive health status of women. The objective of this paper is to estimate the empowerment status and reproductive health status of women in urban slums in Tamil Nadu. Women living in urban slums aged 15-49 years were interviewed; probability proportional to size sampling method was adopted in the urban slum areas of Madurai and Dindigul districts of Tamil Nadu.

Empowerment of women and the socio economic and demographic variables namely, education of wife, occupation of wife, type of family, age of wife, age at marriage, Mass media exposure and health seeking behavior of women are significantly associated at 5 % level (p<0.05). Women living in urban slums suffered due to various reproductive health problems and it ranges from 11 per cent to 69 per cent. Women with low empowerment status suffer from various reproductive health problems at higher level. Treatment seeking behavior of women for their reproductive health problems increases as empowerment of women increases. Women belonging to low socio economic conditions, low decision making power, low empowerment status and low mass media exposure are less likely got treated for their reproductive health problems than their counterparts.

2.Knowledge, attitude and practices of antenatal care among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at SMS Medical College Jaipur

Mishra Divya*, Nagar Pushpa , Rajoria Lata, Rabinder Iqbal, Sharma Nidhi

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Maternal mortality ratio is one of the most important indicator of development of a nation. It denotes the health care services. Target global maternal mortality ratio for sustainable development goal 2030 is <70/100,000. Antenatal care services are the most important factor to achieve this target. Although multiple programmes have been implemented by Indian government to improve antenatal care,utilization is very low. We conducted this study to assess the level of knowledge and attitude of pregnant women regarding antenatal care, their regularity at antenatal clinic and factors affecting them. A cross sectional study was conducted including 153 pregnant females attending antenatal clinic at a tertiary hospital in Jaipur, Rajasthan. Predesigned questionnaire were asked and results analysed. It was found that 86% females had adequate knowledge, 100% had positive attitude towards the services but only 68% full utilized the services.

3.Surgical significance of Rectusial Fascia during TEPP Hernioplasty

Maulana Mohammed Ansari

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Abstract

In addition to specific surgical planes and anatomical landmarks, understanding of adjacent access anatomy provides laparoscopic surgeons a clear procedural approach. Surgical implications of newly discovered ‘rectusial fascia’ (Ansari MM. Open Acc J Surg 2017 April; 3(4): 555618. DOI: 10.19080/OAJS.2017.03.555618., 2017) are discussed during laparoscopic total extraperitoneal preperitoneal (TEPP) hernioplasty.

TEPP hernioplasty was performed in adult patients with standard 3-midline port technique. Initial tissue planes with respect to posterior epimysium (Rectusial fascia) of rectus abdominis muscle were created carefully with direct telescopic dissection under CO2 insufflation.

Sixty adult male patients underwent TEPP hernioplasty – Unilateral TEPP 52 and Bilateral TEPP 8. Rectusial fascia was easily recognizable under preperitoneal laparoscopy. It was variably thickened and condensed ranging from thin/flimsy to membranous/diaphanous. Correct plane of dissection was found underneath the rectusial fascia which was kept abutting and hiding the rectus abdominis muscle. Plane anterior to rectusial fascia was fraught with blood oozing due to its shared vascular supply with rectus abdominis muscle as well as undesirable taking down of deep inferior epigastric vessels hampering further dissection. Rectusial fascia divided the so-called retromuscular posterior rectus canal into two posterior rectus spaces extending differently into the pelvic and inguinal regions.

Rectusial fascia is an easily recognizable substantial structure and a well known surgical landmark to all practicing TEPP surgeons and trainers. Correct plane of dissection with respect to rectusial fascia as well as its judicious extension into the pelvic and inguinal regions is crucial for performance of seamless TEPP hernioplasty with ease, safety and rapidity.

4.Various threatening factors to the biodiversity of insect pollinators in Himachal Himalaya, India

Hem Raj

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Abstract

The climate and soil of Himachal Himalaya is suitable for growing various kinds of fruit crops. The fruit crops grown here are apples, almonds, peaches, plums, pears, cherries, walnuts and pine nuts in the mountain regions and citrus fruit, mangoes, litchis, guavas, and loquat in the foothills and in the plains. Himachal Pradesh is known as the ‘Fruit State’ and the ‘Apple State’ of India. The services of insect pollinators are required for the sustainability of agricultural/horticultural and natural ecosystems. Among insects, bees, flies, butterflies, beetles, wasps, moths, and midges are important pollinators of many crops. It has been estimated that over 80% of all flowering plants depend on biotic pollinators, especially bees. The annual contribution of pollinators to agricultural crops has been estimated globally at about USD 200 billion, and USD 365 million for Himachal Pradesh. In the recent years, yield and quality of fruit crops is diminishing due to insufficient pollination. The number, abundance and biodiversity of insect pollinators is decreasing due to hazardous human activities. Various threatening factors to the biodiversity of insect pollinators observed in Himachal Himalaya are: - loss of habitat; introduced species; mono-cropping; grazing and mowing; Forest fires; Honey hunting; Exotic honeybees and local honeybees; Pesticides; Diseases and parasites; Cell phone radiations; Environment pollution, and Climate change. The decline in pollinator diversity, presents a serious threat to crop production and the maintenance of biodiversity. Several orchardists in Himachal Pradesh, have destroyed their apple trees being discouraged by the very low yields and the inferior quality of apples due to poor pollination. Many farmers are hiring honeybee colonies for the pollination of their orchards to cope up the decline in natural pollinators.

5.Epidemiology, virulence and antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacters of Kumaun of Uttarakhand

A. K. Upadhyay* and Ipshita

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Abstract

730 samples comprising poultry caeca (210), chicken meat (111) and poultry droppings (180) along with faecal contents from goat (26), sheep (23), pigs (78), calves (20) and human (82) were collected from different places of Kumaun. Of these 39 (5.34%) were found positive for Campylobacter. The highest prevalence was in poultry caeca (7.62%) followed by poultry droppings (7.22%), calves faeces (5%), humans stools (3.66%), chicken meat (3.60%) and pigs faeces (2.56%). Any Campylobacter could not be recovered in samples collected from goat and sheep. Out of 39 pure cultures isolated, 19 were identified as C. jejuni and 17 as C. coli, whereas, 3 C. jejuni cultures negative for hippurate hydrolysis test. All the C. jejuni isolates (100%) were found to be sensitive to Amoxiclav, while 93.75% showed resistance towards Penicillin G. Among 7 Campylobacter coli isolates, 5 (71.43%) were sensitivity to Amoxyclav and Ampicillin. Only Penicillin G was found to be resistant in 5 (71.43%) of the C. coli isolates.

6.Life satisfaction and level of Resilience among Kashmiri migrant adolescents

Sarika Manhas*, Deepika Pandita and Arpana Langeh

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The present research assessed the level of life satisfaction and resilience showed by the adolescents belonging to Kashmiri Pandit migrant families. The sample of the study comprised of 80 school going adolescents in the age group of 13-18 years. The entire sample was drawn from Jagti, Nagrota which is a residential housing colony developed by the government as a step towards settling a large number of homeless migrant families. Purposive and Random sampling techniques were used for sample selection. Tools used for gathering information were Life satisfaction Scale (Promilia and Jospeh, 1971) and Resilience Scale (Prince, and Embury, 2006). The findings reveal that majority of the sample adolescents had average life satisfaction, implying that most of the teenagers were not completely satisfied with their lives. Most of these children mentioned that availability of financial resources and material goods would have added to their quality of life. Further, on their level of resilience, most of the adolescents scored low on sense of mastery and sense of relatedness. They felt that people, situations and circumstances are often beyond human control and they faced problems in adapting to these. Majority of the sample adolescents felt that their parents who suffering from chronic depression and emotional trauma, which had transcended their parent-child relationship. Their parents either had become over critical or over ambitious and this hindered the development of sense of relatedness among them. However, on the third dimension of resilience namely emotional reactivity also most adolescents scored low, implying that most of them were able to control their emotions well.

7.A study of reasons of second trimester abortion

Rabinder Iqbal*, Simlot Anita, Rajoria Lata, Mirza Nooren, Mishra Divya, Sharma Nidhi

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Abstract

Aim and objectives: The study was undertaken to know the profile of women who came to tertiary care hospital for second trimester abortion and to assess the reasons for second trimester abortion

Materials and methods: An observational descriptive study done in SMS medical college hospital women who sought second trimester abortion were included. Data is collected and analysed

Results: Prevalence of second trimester abortion is 16%.lactational amenorrhea and irregular menstrual cycle.delay in making decision for MTP and logistic related problem were the chief non medical reasons. Late diagnosis of fetal anamoly and maternal diseases were the chief medical reasons

Conclusion: Though 80% of abortion done in first trimester yet 10-20%of abortion done in second trimester .This significantly contribute to maternal morbidity. Second trimester abortion may be associated with greater distress and higher rate of morbidity and mortality attention must be given to this particular group of women.

8.Prevalence of diarrhea in dogs of Kumaon Tarai of Uttarakhand

Sheeba Hussain and A. K. Upadhyay*

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Abstract

Diarrhea is a major global public and veterinary health concern and widespread among dogs. The objective of this study was to establish the prevalence of diarrhea in dogs presented to Veterinary Hospital, Pantnagar. From January 2011 to December 2016, 1848 dogs were presented of those feces samples were collected and examined. Overall, about 830 (44.91%) dogs were found positive for diarrhea of different etiology. Season effect exhibits that 47.11% (391) dogs were found suffering with diarrhea during rainy season, while 34.10% (283) during summer and 156 (18.79%) during winter. Maximum 468 (56.39%) pups below 6 months age experienced diarrhea followed by 13-60 months age (20.96%), however, older dogs above 61 months age were found to be least (4.34%) affected. Preliminary etiological examinations revealed that most (33.01%) cases were of bacterial origin followed by unspecified causes (29.64%) and parasitic (23.25%) infestation.

9.In Vitro callus induction studies on Sida schimperiana Hochst.Ex A.Rich (Malvaceae) a medicinal plant in Pudukkottai district Tamil Nadu

Prabhu V. and Ramar K.*

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Abstract

A viable protocol has been developed for direct callus induction of Sida schimperiana to establishment a stable high frequency plant regeneration system. Plant shoot apex and nodal part explant were tested with different combination of Benzyl amino purine (BAP), 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2, 4-D), Indole acetic acid (IAA). morpho genic callus induction was observed in highest frequency from hypocotyl explant by culturing in MS medium supplement with in BAP 0.5 mg/L, 2, 4 D 1.0 mg/L, IAA 1.0 mg/L in this protocol morophogenic difference due to explant type is clear for the studied in vitro traits. About 80% callus will be observed. This protocol would be useful to create soma clonal variation and to utilize transgenic approach for vital important of Sida schimperiana.

10.A mathematical model for finding the effect of Lignocaine on Frusemide in Arginine Vasopressin level by using BGTLNB model

M. Senbagavalli

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Abstract

In this paper to analyzing for some BGTLNB Model if a random vector (Y, N) with the stochastic representation is discussed, where N is a negative binomial, and the {Ei} are IID exponential variable f(x) = e-x, x > 0 is a generalized exponential variable with CDF P and all the variables are mutually independent. This distribution is known as bivariate distribution with generalized truncated logistic and negative binomial (BGTLNB) distribution with parameters t > 0,  > 0 and p  (0,1). This model is used for our application part. Here effect of the infusion of lignocaine on frusemide induced Arginine vasopressin, the infusion of lignocaine generated mean steady state serum concentration levels, compared to the influence of frusemide alone on average Arginine vasopressin plasma levels are taken as random variables and fitted with the above distribution and obtained from the corresponding mathematical result.

11.Micronutrient fortification of traditional Indian food preparations by incorporation of fresh as well as dehydrated spinach leaves

Sarika Tyagi

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Abstract

Micronutrient deficiencies are common among women and children in low- and middle-income countries. To address micronutrient deficiency through dietary diversification and household access to green leafy vegetables, two traditional Indian preparations like Vada and Namakparas were fortified through incorporation of fresh as well as dehydrated spinach leaves. Standardization of both recipes was done by preparing the food item using three different proportions of ingredients and the most acceptable proportion found through sensory evaluation was used for final product. Microbial analysis was done to check the shelf life of developed fortified food products. Namakparas fortified with dried spinach leaves as well as Vada prepared with fresh spinach leaves were found acceptable and were graded above good for all sensory characteristics. Both fortified food products had increased micro nutrient composition when compared with the original food products. Change in cost of food products was affordable to low income group. Thus food based approaches like incorporation of green leafy vegetables in food products can become a sustainable solution to combat vitamin A deficiency.

12.Generalized Differential Transform Method for non-linear Inhomogeneous Time Fractional Partial differential Equation

D. Das* and R. K. Bera

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In the present paper, we obtain the approximate solutions of non-linear inhomogeneous timefractional partial differential equation by Generalized Differential Transform Method (GDTM). The fractional derivatives are described in the Caputosense. GDTM provides an analytical solution in the form of an infinite power series with easily computable components. GDTM can solve the linear and nonlinear fractional differential equations with negligible error compared to the exact solution. The method introduces a promising tool for solving many linear and nonlinear fractional differential equations.

13.Biodegradation of Pigment Green-10 by Aspergillus flavus

H. R. Ravikumar, C. S. Karigar*

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Abstract

Several dyes are employed in construction industry for providing aesthetic appearance. Among the many dyes that find application in the civil constructions belong to the class of azo-dyes. The quantity of azo-dyes employed is at an enormous extent and may pose a public health concern if disposed in large quantities. The azo-dyes are reported to initiate several health issues which may include allergic reactions and carcinogenesis. Pigment Green-10 (PG-10) an azo-dye, finds extensive application in construction of buildings for painting surfaces. Its usage therefore poses an environmental hazard to construction workers and the general public. A fungal strain was isolated from PG-10 painted surface and was identified as Aspergillus flavus. The fungus decolorized PG-10 and it was degraded through the involvement of chlorophenol and aniline as the metabolic intermediates. The biodegradation of PG-10 was enhanced by increased agitation and in the presence of glucose (80%), starch (85%), and sucrose (60%) as the co-metabolic carbon sources. The biodegradation of PG-10 by A. flavus was assessed by spectral, TLC and enzyme analysis.

14.Heavy Metals Analysis of Some anti-oxidation Medicinal Plants in Côte d’Ivoireusing Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) Technique

A. D. Djama AGBO*

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Abstract

Trace elements concentrations in seven plants with anti-oxidation potency in Côte d’Ivoire were studied using Energy-Dispersive X ray Fluorescence (EDXFR) technique. The aim of the study is to determine qualitatively and quantitatively trace elements in these plants and their medicinal roles in the human body. Leaves were analyzed for their heavy metal contents. Plants samples were found to contain trace elements such as Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn and Se which are well known for their important roles in anti-oxidation preparations (herbal drugs). Medicinal plants were found to be rich more than one of the essential elements under study. All elemental concentrations in leaves of medicinal plants and their biological effects are discussed.

15.Evaluation of the reliability of body height estimation from both foot lengths and knee height measurements in population of North India

Sumita Agarwal*, Nidhi Puri, S. K. Agarwal, S. H. H. Zaidi

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Abstract

Introduction: The loss of body height in elders results in challenging threat for Forensic experts, Anatomists as well as Anthropologists by posing difficulties in applying equations based on estimates from adult population. Thus this study is conducted to evaluate the accuracy of body height equations from both foot lengths and Knee height measurements in subjects of all age.

Materials and methods: This evaluative study is conducted on 1000 (500 males and 500 females) asymptomatic, healthy adults, residing in Teerthanker Mahaveer University of cosmopolitan origin with age over 18 years old with no diagnosed history of knee arthropathy and spinal deformity and a written informed consent was taken from the subjects.

Results: The Linear regression equations for body height with knee height in males and females were found to be

B.H. = 75.62+1.79(KH); r2 =0.55, S.E.E. = 5.1 cms; B.H. =71.92+1.79(KH); r2 =0.33, S.E.E.= 5.7 cms respectively.

The Linear multiple regression equations for body height with knee height and age in males and females were found to be

B.H.=81.790+1.73(K.H.)-0.15(Age in years); R2= 0.566, M.S.E.= 25.86

B.H. = 74.137+1.78(K.H.)-0.06(Age in years); R2= 0.333, M.S.E. = 33.44 respectively.

Conclusion: Knee height is the best predictor of Body height alone as well as inclusion of age as a predictor variable shows improved R2* values in both the sexes along with lowest S.E.E.* values with Simple linear regression and with multiple linear regression showed decreased values of M.S.E.* than both foot lengths in both the sexes.

16.Transgenesis of tomato: Relevance in molecular research today

Somnath Mondal and Surekha Kundu*

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Abstract

Tomato is not only one of the most important of vegetable crops but also is an important dicotyledonous model plant for scientific research. Genetic transformation of tomato is often the first step of various scientific researches to follow. Along with the view to generating tomato lines with diverse desirable traits transformed tomato serve as the background of doing functional studies. There are many transformation protocols for tomato and these have their advantages and dis-advantages. The selection of the desirable traits, the appropriate promoter/terminator sequences, suitable selectable markers and reporter genes are to be critically considered. A number of different transgenic lines of tomato are available today that have improved nutritional content, better shelf life, resistance to biotic/abiotic stresses and even for development of vaccines and as tools in immunotherapy. The importance of transgenesis of tomato in molecular researches today is discussed.

17.Premenopausal women without Vulvovaginal candidiasis harbor virulent and antifungal resistant strains of Vulvovaginal candida species

Rinku Pramanick, Shraddha Parab, Clara Aranha*

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Abstract

VVC is the second most common urogenital tract infection among women in reproductive age. It is caused by C. albicans, however lately there is changing trend in Candida species, especially NAC colonizing the vagina. Candida can exist as commensal of urogenital tract, and its pathogenic form causes infection. This study was carried out to determine the antifungal susceptibility of vulvovaginal Candida isolated from 201 asymptomatic women. Virulent and non-virulent Candida species previously identified were used for the study. Antifungal susceptibility of vaginal Candida isolates against polyenes (amphotericin B and nystatin) and azoles (fluconazole, voriconazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole and clotrimazole) was determined by disc diffusion assay. Of 46 Candida isolates, 43.5% (20) were found to be resistant and 56.5% (26) were sensitive. Isolates showed resistance against ketoconazole (18,39.1%), clotrimazole (5,10.9%), fluconazole (3,6.5%), voricanazole (3,6.5%), itraconazole (2,4.3%) and nystatin (1, 2.2%). Cross resistance against azoles were detected in four isolates of C. glabrata and one C. albicans strain. None of the virulent isolates of C. albicans and C. glabrata appeared sensitive towards any of the seven antifungals tested. Antifungal susceptibility testing of Candida species is crucial to establish susceptibility patterns of recovered isolates in order to guide empirical therapy. Presence of antifungal resistant virulent strains of Candida especially NAC in apparently healthy women underlines the need for prophylactic methods to prevent future episodes of VVC.

18.Inhibitory effect of Mycosynthesized gold nanoparticles on Hyphal branching of the phytopathogen Rhizoctonia solani

Nebedita Das and Surekha Kundu*

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Abstract

This study focuses on the antifungal activity of gold nanoparticles synthesized from selected edible mushrooms for the first time and its measured as effect on hyphal branching. The mycosynthesized gold nanoparticles was subjected to scanning electron microscopy which showed the particles are mostly spherical and the size ranges of the particles are 60=80nm. The different average ranges of gold nanoparticles (60-80nm) from those fungi were further more studied to examine their anti fungal activity on the well known plant pathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn c. The various concentrations of the gold nanoparticles that were used were 0.04 µg/ml, 0.12 µg/m and 0.2 µg/ml. The hyphal branching of first, second and third order was observed and specific time points of 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours post inoculation of media. Here it has been found that both types of nanoparticles showed gradual increase in inhibitory effect with increasing concentration although EDMnd22 gold nanoparticle showed more inhibitory activity at the highest concentration than EDMnd21. The implication of use of nanoparticles as nanofungicide is also discussed.

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July,2017

1.Empowerment and reproductive health status of women in urban slums in Tamil Nadu

2.Knowledge, attitude and practices of antenatal care among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at SMS Medical College Jaipur

3.Surgical significance of Rectusial Fascia during TEPP Hernioplasty

4.Various threatening factors to the biodiversity of insect pollinators in Himachal Himalaya, India

5.Epidemiology, virulence and antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacters of Kumaun of Uttarakhand

6.Life satisfaction and level of Resilience among Kashmiri migrant adolescents

7.A study of reasons of second trimester abortion

8.Prevalence of diarrhea in dogs of Kumaon Tarai of Uttarakhand

9.In Vitro callus induction studies on Sida schimperiana Hochst.Ex A.Rich (Malvaceae) a medicinal plant in Pudukkottai district Tamil Nadu

10.A mathematical model for finding the effect of Lignocaine on Frusemide in Arginine Vasopressin level by using BGTLNB model

11.Micronutrient fortification of traditional Indian food preparations by incorporation of fresh as well as dehydrated spinach leaves

12.Generalized Differential Transform Method for non-linear Inhomogeneous Time Fractional Partial differential Equation

13.Biodegradation of Pigment Green-10 by Aspergillus flavus

14.Heavy Metals Analysis of Some anti-oxidation Medicinal Plants in Côte d’Ivoireusing Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) Technique

15.Evaluation of the reliability of body height estimation from both foot lengths and knee height measurements in population of North India

16.Transgenesis of tomato: Relevance in molecular research today

17.Premenopausal women without Vulvovaginal candidiasis harbor virulent and antifungal resistant strains of Vulvovaginal candida species

18.Inhibitory effect of Mycosynthesized gold nanoparticles on Hyphal branching of the phytopathogen Rhizoctonia solani

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